What Is Percentage?
A percentage expresses a number as a fraction of 100. The symbol % comes from the Latin per centum, meaning "per hundred." Percentages are universal in everyday life — exam scores, bank interest rates, salary hikes, tax rates, price discounts, election results, nutritional labels, and weather forecasts all use percentages as the primary way to express proportions.
Understanding how to calculate percentages accurately is one of the most practical and frequently needed mathematical skills. Our four-mode percentage calculator covers every common scenario — whether you need to find what percentage a number is of a total, measure how much something has changed, convert raw marks to a percentage score, or reverse-engineer an original value from a percentage-adjusted final figure.
Percentage Formulas
1. Percentage of a Number
2. Percentage Change (Increase / Decrease)
3. Marks Percentage
4. Reverse Percentage
Grade Classification by Percentage (Pakistan 2026)
| Percentage | Grade | Division / Class |
|---|---|---|
| 90%–100% | A+ / A | Outstanding / Distinction |
| 80%–89% | A / A− | Excellent / First Division |
| 70%–79% | B | Good / First Division |
| 60%–69% | C | Average / Second Division |
| 50%–59% | D | Pass / Third Division |
| Below 50% | F | Fail |
Frequently Asked Questions
Use the Marks % tab above. Enter your obtained marks and total marks. The calculator applies (Obtained ÷ Total) × 100. For example, 360 out of 400 gives 90%. It also shows your grade classification based on Pakistan's standard marking scheme.
Use the % Change tab. Enter your old salary as Old Value and new salary as New Value. The formula ((New−Old)÷Old)×100 gives the exact percentage increase. For example, an increase from PKR 80,000 to PKR 96,000 is exactly a 20% salary hike.
Use the Reverse % tab. Select "Was decreased by %" and enter the discounted price as Final Value and discount percentage. For example, a product costs PKR 850 after a 15% discount — original = 850 ÷ 0.85 = PKR 1,000. This is useful for shopping, tax-inclusive pricing, and financial analysis.
20% of 5,000 = (20 ÷ 100) × 5,000 = 1,000. Use the "% of Number" tab above — enter 20 and 5000 to confirm. This type of calculation is used daily for tipping at restaurants, calculating tax portions, or finding commission amounts.
Use the % Change tab with the first number as Old Value and second as New Value. A positive result indicates a percentage increase; negative indicates a decrease. Note that "percentage difference" (absolute, direction-neutral) uses the average of both numbers as the denominator: |A−B| ÷ ((A+B)÷2) × 100.